Acordes para una utopía en País de Jauja. El sincretismo cultural como solución en Edgardo Rivera Martínez
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Date
2015-10
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Universidad de Piura
Abstract
Esta novela, publicada en 1993 y escrita en los años de mayor fractura social en el Perú contemporáneo (los de Sendero Luminoso y los de la crisis económica surgida desde la hiperinflación), responde con una utopía integradora a los conflictos que se imponen en la realidad.
Tomando como punto de partida la inserción en la dimensión utópica de Jauja desde los tiempos de la colonia y revisando los postulados de Fernando Aínsa sobre la pervivencia de la utopía como estrategia para sobrevivir a la realidad contemporánea, así como los de Ernst Bloch sobre la necesidad de convertir la utopía en un proyecto realizable, la novela de Edgardo Rivera Martínez, País de Jauja, se puede leer como una propuesta de solución concurrente al desencuentro cultural y vivencial de quien afronta una realidad histórica que tradicionalmente se ha percibido conflictiva, entre el mundo andino y la tradición cultural occidental. Todo ello a través del relato de un verano en la vida de Claudio Alaya, adolescente que pasa los días leyendo la Ilíada y Antígona e interpretando la realidad de Jauja y la de su propia familia a la luz del conflicto entre Agamenón, Helena de Troya y demás personajes de la mitología clásica y aprendiendo a tocar el piano y el órgano. Llama la atención el permanente estado de consciencia de estar uniendo dos tradiciones culturales que hasta entonces se habían visto contrapuestas, superando el conflicto tradicionalmente establecido entre lo occidental y lo andino.
This novel, published in 1993 during the worst years of social upheaval in contemporary Peru (the years of Sendero Luminoso [Shining Path] and the economic crisis caused by hyperinflation), responds to these conflicts that have subsumed reality through the creation of an all-encompassing utopia. Edgardo Rivera Martinez’s text starts off by addressing the utopian quality of Jauja since colonial times, taking into account Fernando Ainsa’s reflections on utopia as a consistent strategy with which to confront contemporary reality alongside Ernst Bloch’s theorizing of the need to convert utopia into a viable project. Rivera Martinez’s novel thus can be read as a possible solution to the alienation of both life and culture of those who confront an historical reality that has traditionally been seen as hostile such as that between the Andean world and the Western tradition. The author relays these ideas through the tale o f a summer in the life of Claudio Alaya, an adolescent who spends his days reading the Iliad and Antigone, and interpreting the reality of both Jauja and his own family in light of the conflicts between Agamemnon and Helen of Troy and the rest of the characters of classical mythology, as well as learning how to play the organ and the piano. Of note here is how the author creates a permanent consciousness of the margins of two cultural traditions, and thus one less of overcoming the traditional discord between the Western and the Andean.
This novel, published in 1993 during the worst years of social upheaval in contemporary Peru (the years of Sendero Luminoso [Shining Path] and the economic crisis caused by hyperinflation), responds to these conflicts that have subsumed reality through the creation of an all-encompassing utopia. Edgardo Rivera Martinez’s text starts off by addressing the utopian quality of Jauja since colonial times, taking into account Fernando Ainsa’s reflections on utopia as a consistent strategy with which to confront contemporary reality alongside Ernst Bloch’s theorizing of the need to convert utopia into a viable project. Rivera Martinez’s novel thus can be read as a possible solution to the alienation of both life and culture of those who confront an historical reality that has traditionally been seen as hostile such as that between the Andean world and the Western tradition. The author relays these ideas through the tale o f a summer in the life of Claudio Alaya, an adolescent who spends his days reading the Iliad and Antigone, and interpreting the reality of both Jauja and his own family in light of the conflicts between Agamemnon and Helen of Troy and the rest of the characters of classical mythology, as well as learning how to play the organ and the piano. Of note here is how the author creates a permanent consciousness of the margins of two cultural traditions, and thus one less of overcoming the traditional discord between the Western and the Andean.
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Keywords
Rivera Martínez, J. Edgardo, 1933-. País de Jauja -- Crítica e interpretación, Utopías -- En la literatura, Indigenismo -- En la literatura -- Perú, Pluralismo
Citation
Pérez, C. (2015). Acordes para una utopía en País de Jauja. El sincretismo cultural como solución en Edgardo Rivera Martínez. Revista de Estudios Hispánicos, 49(3), 525-547.